Articles
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Cystitis means inflammation of the bladder. The most common cause of cystitis in dogs is bacterial infection. Other common causes include bladder stones, tumors or polyps in the bladder, and abnormal anatomy. The most common clinical sign is blood in the urine (hematuria). The first group of tests performed includes urinalysis, urine culture, and bladder palpation. Further diagnostics may include bladder radiographs, ultrasound, and contrast X-rays. Blood tests to look for systemic problems are also sometimes required. Treatment is based on the cause.
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True cysts are abnormal pockets in tissue that are filled with either liquid or solidified material. There are several types of true cysts, including follicular cysts, apocrine cysts, sebaceous cysts, dermoid cysts, and false cysts. The most common treatment is surgical removal.
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Cytarabine is a chemotherapy medication commonly used off label to treat blood cancers and brain inflammation. It is an injectable solution usually given in the vein by a veterinary professional. Common side effects include gastrointestinal upset and low blood cell counts. This medication should not be used or used with caution in pets with liver or kidney disease, those that have an allergy to this medication, and pregnant/lactating pets. If a negative reaction occurs, call your veterinary office.
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Collecting tissue samples for cytology or histopathology allows a pathologist to often give a diagnosis of the type of mass or tumor your pet has. Samples can be obtained by fine needle aspirate or biopsy, where a piece of the mass is cut out. This handout outlines how these tests are used to help with diagnosis and treatment.
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Cytology is the microscopic examination of cells that have been collected from the body. Lesions on the surface of the skin or from moist body cavities can be sampled simply by scraping, swabbing, flushing, or making impressions of the tissue.
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Cytology is the microscopic examination of cells that have been collected from the body. It is often possible to diagnose a disease by examining the appearance of these cells, including their number, size, shape, color, internal characteristics, and how they fit together with their neighbors.
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Dachshunds are a unique hunting breed developed to pursue prey in tunnels and burrows. They are small hound dogs known for their long body, short legs, and strong hunting instincts. These dogs are confident, curious, and often independent in their behavior. They form strong bonds with their owners but can be stubborn without consistent training.
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Dalmatians are medium to large dogs known for high energy, intelligence, and a distinctive spotted coat. This athletic breed has a long history accompanying horse-drawn carriages and serving as companions. These dogs are intelligent, playful, and highly social, but need consistent training to manage their protective instincts.
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Dalteparin is an anticoagulant and blood thinner medication used off label (extra label) to treat and prevent thromboembolism (blood clots) in dogs, cats, and horses. Dalteparin is a low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), also known as fragmented heparin. It is given by injection under the skin (SQ).
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Dandie Dinmont Terriers are live-wire dogs that enjoy rousing play, yet can be as tough as nails when extracting a rodent from its den or when standing up to a challenge.