Articles
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Collecting tissue samples for cytology or histopathology allows a pathologist to often give a diagnosis of the type of mass or tumor your pet has. Samples can be obtained by fine needle aspirate or biopsy, where a piece of the mass is cut out. This handout outlines how these tests are used to help with diagnosis and treatment.
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“Medicalese” is the “language” or specialized terminology of the medical and veterinary professions. This handout provides a starting point for understanding these terms, so that you can understand what your veterinarian is saying, and make good health care decisions for your pet.
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Dexmedetomidine is a sedative and tranquilizer used in the treatment of fear and anxiety in dogs (Sileo) and as a sedative and pain medication in both dogs and cats (Dexdomitor). It is also used off label (extra label) as a pre-anesthetic or tranquilizer in exotic pets.
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Diazepam (brand names: Valium®, Diastat®, E Pam Tab®, Meva®l, Vivol®) is used as a muscle relaxant, anti-anxiety medication, appetite stimulant, and an anti-seizure medication. It is also used as a preanesthetic in hospital. It is used off label to treat anxiety, seizures, tense muscles, or decreased appetite. Give as directed by your veterinarian.
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Difluprednate ophthalmic is a corticosteroid eye medication used to treat inflammation and provide pain management in the eye following surgery, injury, or in certain cases of inflammation (conjunctivitis, anterior uveitis, keratitis). It is recommended for use in all animal species except birds.
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Doxycycline is an antibiotic given by mouth in the form of a tablet, capsule, or liquid, used off label to treat certain infections. Common side effects include stomach upset, sun sensitivity, and increases in liver enzymes. Serious side effects include liver failure, seizures, and trouble swallowing. Do not use in pregnant pets and use cautiously in pets with liver disease or in young pets. If a negative reaction occurs, please call your veterinary office.
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Edetate calcium disodium (CaEDTA) is used for the treatment of lead and zinc toxicities when oral treatment is not possible. It may be used in all species of animals. Prior to treatment with edetate calcium disodium, it is imperative that the source of lead or zinc is removed from the animal through gastrointestinal decontamination.
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Emodepside + praziquantel (brand name Profender) is a topical antiparasitic drug used to treat and control hookworms, roundworms, and tapeworms in cats and kittens. It is used off-label to treat certain parasitic infections in rabbits and some reptile species, and to treat lungworm in cats.
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Enrofloxacin is an antibiotic given by mouth or in the muscle commonly used to treat bacterial infections in cats, dogs, and off label in small mammals, birds, and reptiles. Common side effects include vomiting, diarrhea, and lack of appetite. It should not be used in growing or dehydrated pets, or in cats with kidney disease. Use cautiously in pets with seizures, liver, or kidney disease. If a negative reaction occurs, please call your veterinary office.
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Epinastine ophthalmic is an antihistamine eye medication used off label (extra label) to treat itchiness associated with eye allergies in all species of pets. It comes in a liquid drop format to be instilled directly to the eye (topically).